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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Immunology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Immunology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский иммунологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1028-7221</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-7291</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Russian Society of Immunology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16635</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46235/1028-7221-16635-IAI</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Joint Immunology Forum 2024</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Объединенный иммунологический форум 2024</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">IGE AND IGG B CELL TRAFFIC IN A LOW-DOSE GAL D ALLERGY MODEL 1, 2, 3</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ТРАФИК IGE И IGG В-КЛЕТОК В НИЗКОДОЗОВОЙ МОДЕЛИ АЛЛЕРГИИ НА GAL D 1, 2, 3</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9043-777X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">36081735000</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Fattakhova</surname><given-names>Gulnar V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фаттахова</surname><given-names>Гульнар Ваисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher at the Department of Immunology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии</p></bio><email>fattakhova@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>Alina O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>Алина Олеговна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>undergraduate student of the Lomonosov Moscow State University; Research Engineer of the Department of Immunology, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент бакалавриата ФГБУО ВО “Московский Государственный университет им. М.В.Ломоносова”, инженер-исследователь отдела иммунологии Институт биоорганической химии РАН </p></bio><email>alina.makarova0012@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3719-7567</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">36196735900</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">F-2886-2017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Konovalova</surname><given-names>Mariya V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коновалова</surname><given-names>Мария Владимировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher at the Department of Immunology </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии </p></bio><email>mariya.v.konovalova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kashirina</surname><given-names>Helen I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каширина</surname><given-names>Елена Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Junior Researcher at the Department of Immunology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, младший научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии </p></bio><email>helen-kas@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7765-8324</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">8715600300</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kotsareva</surname><given-names>Olga D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коцарева</surname><given-names>Ольга Дмитриевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher at the Department of Immunology </p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии</p></bio><email>olga.kotsareva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Okara</surname><given-names>Polina S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Окара</surname><given-names>Полина Сергеевна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>undergraduate student of the Moscow State University of Fine Chemical Technologies named after M. V. Lomonosov, Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент бакалавриата ФГБОУ ВПО «Московский государственный университет тонких химических технологий имени М. В. Ломоносова»</p></bio><email>okara.polina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4583-0617</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">6507304208</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">G-8712-2</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7430-2112</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Matushevskaya</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матушевская</surname><given-names>Елена Владиславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor of the Department of Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology. Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of additional professional Education "Institute of Advanced Training of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency" 125371, Moscow, Volokolamskoe shosse, 91</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор кафедры дерматовенерологии и косметологии. Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение дополнительного профессионального образования «Институт повышения квалификации Федерального медико-биологического агентства» 125371, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 91</p></bio><email>matushevskaya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5647-9298</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">6701823309</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="researcherid">G-8659-2019</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Svirshchevskaya</surname><given-names>Elena V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свирщевская</surname><given-names>Елена Викторовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher at the Department of Immunology of the IBH RAS, Candidate of Biological Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>старший научный сотрудник отдела иммунологии ИБХ РАН, кандидат биологических наук</p></bio><email>esvir@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of bioorganic chemistry RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН Институт биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН Институт биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУО ВО Московский Государственный университет им. М.В.Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of bioorganic chemistry RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН Институт биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова Российской академии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow State University of Fine Chemical Technologies named after M. V. Lomonosov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВПО «Московский государственный университет тонких химических технологий имени М. В. Ломоносова»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Additional Professional Education "Institute of Advanced Training of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency"</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО Институт повышения квалификации Федерального медико-биологического агентства</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-03-27" publication-format="electronic"><day>27</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-03-24"><day>24</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-03-25"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; , Fattakhova G.V., Makarova A.O., Konovalova M.V., Kashirina H.I., Kotsareva O.D., Okara P.S., Matushevskaya E.V., Svirshchevskaya E.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; , Фаттахова Г.В., Макарова А.О., Коновалова М.В., Каширина Е.И., Коцарева О.Д., Окара П.С., Матушевская Е.В., Свирщевская Е.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fattakhova G.V., Makarova A.O., Konovalova M.V., Kashirina H.I., Kotsareva O.D., Okara P.S., Matushevskaya E.V., Svirshchevskaya E.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фаттахова Г.В., Макарова А.О., Коновалова М.В., Каширина Е.И., Коцарева О.Д., Окара П.С., Матушевская Е.В., Свирщевская Е.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/16635">https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/16635</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Abstract</bold></p> <p>Type I allergy is mediated by the formation of IgE antibodies to proteins secreted by non-replicating microorganisms that enter the mucous membranes in very low concentrations. The mechanisms and localization of naive B cells to IgE switch have not been fully determined. The aim of this work was to determine the switching site of B cells and the traffic of IgE-producing B cells in mice immunized with a low dose of equimolar mixture of egg proteins Gal d1, Gal d2, Gal d3. Allergens in saline solution were injected into the withers of mice 9-10 times with an interval of 2-3 days; the total dose was 2.7 micrograms per mouse. The production of IgE to Gal d proteins in the blood and by B cells isolated from the withers, lymph nodes, spleen and bone marrow of mice was analyzed in dynamics after cessation of sensitization. In both blood and <italic>in vitro</italic> cultures, the dominance of IgE changed from recognition of the low molecular weight (LMW) Gal d2 protein during sensitization of mice to the high molecular weight (HMW) allergen Gal d3 after sensitization was discontinued. It was shown that an IgG memory response was formed, which appeared a month after the end of sensitization. IgG was formed only to Gal d3, but not to other allergens. <italic>In vitro</italic> cultures showed that B cells switched to IgE production locally at the withers with traffic to the spleen. In serum, IgE titers for all Gal d proteins decreased after the cessation of sensitization and persisted for a long time. A pool of B cells producing IgE <italic>in vitro</italic> appeared in the spleen a month after the cancellation of sensitization. Thus, B cells switch to IgE synthesis locally at the site of allergen ingestion; in the early response, IgE recognizes the LMW protein Gal d2; in the memory response - HMW allergen Gal d3; in this model, the IgG response to HMW protein Gal d3 dominated; when the immune system recognizes a mixture of proteins originating from an allergen, the dominance of proteins recognized by both IgE and IgG was found. Since allergy patients most often do not have IgG antibodies, it can be assumed that in this case, a first-phase response supported by antigen intake is observed.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Резюме</bold></p> <p>Аллергия I типа опосредуется образованием IgE-антител к белкам, выделяемым нереплицирующимися, попадающими на слизистые оболочки в очень низких концентрациях. Механизмы и локализация переключения наивных В-клеток на синтез IgE к аллергенам полностью не определены. Целью данной работы было определение места переключения В-клеток и трафик IgE-продуцирующих В-клеток у мышей, иммунизированных низкой дозой эквимолярной смеси белков куриных яиц Gal d1, Gal d2, Gal d3. Аллергены в физиологическом растворе вводили в холку мышей 9-10 раз с интервалом в 2-3 дня; общая доза составила 2,7 мкг на мышь. Продукцию IgE к белкам Gal d в крови и В-клетками, выделенным из холки, лимфоузлов, селезенки и костного мозга мышей анализировали в динамике после прекращения сенсибилизации. Как в крови, так и в культурах <italic>in vitro </italic>доминирование IgE менялось с распознавания низкомолекулярного (НМ) белка Gal d2 в течение сенсибилизации мышей на высокомолекулярный (ВМ) аллерген Gal d3 после отмены сенсибилизации. Показали, что формировался IgG ответ памяти, который появлялся через месяц после окончания сенсибилизации. IgG формировался только к Gal d3, но не к другим аллергенам. Культуры <italic>in vitro</italic> показали, что В-клетки переключались на выработку IgE локально в холке с трафиком в селезенку. В сыворотке крови титры IgE ко всем белкам Gal d снижались после прекращения сенсибилизации и сохранялись длительное время. В селезенке через месяц после отмены сенсибилизации появлялся пул В-клеток, продуцирующих IgE<italic> in vitro.</italic> Таким образом, В-клетки переключаются на синтез IgE локально в месте попадания аллергена; на раннем ответе IgE распознают НМ белок Gal d2; при ответе памяти - ВМ аллерген Gal d3; в данной модели наблюдается доминирование IgG ответа на ВМ белок Gal d3; при распознавании иммунной системой смеси белков, происходящих из аллергена, наблюдается доминирование белков, распознаваемых как IgE, так и IgG. Поскольку у больных аллергией чаще всего нет IgG антител, то можно предположить, что в этом случае наблюдается поддерживаемый поступлением антигена ответ первой фазы.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>allergy to chicken eggs</kwd><kwd>IgE</kwd><kwd>Gal d</kwd><kwd>B cell traffic</kwd><kwd>mouse model of allergy</kwd><kwd>local switching of B cells.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аллергия на куриные яйца</kwd><kwd>IgE</kwd><kwd>Gal d</kwd><kwd>трафик В-клеток</kwd><kwd>мышиная модель аллергии</kwd><kwd>локальное переключение В-клеток.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Thierry GR, Kuka M, De Giovanni M, Mondor I, Brouilly N, Iannacone M, Bajénoff M. The conduit system exports locally secreted IgM from lymph nodes. 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