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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="brief-report" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Immunology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Immunology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский иммунологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1028-7221</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-7291</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Russian Society of Immunology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16881</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46235/1028-7221-16881-VGP</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Short Communication</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">VDR gene polymorphisms rs731236 and rsS2228570 affect vitamin D levels in people of the Kaliningrad region</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Полиморфизмы гена VDR rs731236 и rs2228570 влияют на уровень витамина D у лиц Калининградской области</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bograya</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бограя</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Research Associate, Centre of Immunology and Cell Biotechnology Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник Центра иммунологии и клеточных биотехнологий ОНК «Институт медицины и наук о жизни» </p></bio><email>larisalitvinova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vulf</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вульф</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Centre of Immunology and Cell Biotechnology Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник Центра иммунологии и клеточных биотехнологий ОНК «Институт медицины и наук о жизни» </p></bio><email>larisalitvinova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Safiullina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафиуллина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate Student, Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант ОНК «Институт медицины и наук о жизни» </p></bio><email>larisalitvinova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Paskidov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паскидов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student, Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент ОНК «Институт медицины и наук о жизни» </p></bio><email>larisalitvinova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shnar</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шнар</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Student, Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент ОНК «Институт медицины и наук о жизни» </p></bio><email>larisalitvinova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazatova</surname><given-names>N. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Газатова</surname><given-names>Н. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Biology), Head, Laboratory of Experimental Studies of Blood Products, Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.б.н., заведующая лабораторией экспериментальных исследований препаратов крови, ОНК «Институт медицины и наук о жизни» </p></bio><email>larisalitvinova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Head, Department of Therapy Institute of Medicine and Life Sciences</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой терапии ОНК «Институт медицины и наук о жизни»</p></bio><email>larisalitvinova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinova</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвинова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Head, Centre of Immunology and Cell Biotechnologies</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., директор Центра иммунологии и клеточных биотехнологий ОНК «Институт медицины и наук о жизни» </p></bio><email>larisalitvinova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-10-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>995</fpage><lpage>1000</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-04-03"><day>03</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-04-04"><day>04</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Bograya M.M., Vulf M.A., Safiullina L.A., Paskidov D.V., Shnar V.A., Gazatova N.D., Mikhailova L.V., Litvinova L.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Бограя М.М., Вульф М.А., Сафиуллина Л.А., Паскидов Д.В., Шнар В.А., Газатова Н.Д., Михайлова Л.В., Литвинова Л.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bograya M.M., Vulf M.A., Safiullina L.A., Paskidov D.V., Shnar V.A., Gazatova N.D., Mikhailova L.V., Litvinova L.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бограя М.М., Вульф М.А., Сафиуллина Л.А., Паскидов Д.В., Шнар В.А., Газатова Н.Д., Михайлова Л.В., Литвинова Л.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/16881">https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/16881</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Vitamin D is an essential micronutrient that is involved in numerous biological processes. It not only keeps bones healthy, but also has a protective effect on the cardiovascular system, the pancreas and fatty tissue. Around 50% of the world’s population suffers from vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. The prevalence of these diseases is significantly higher in obese people, regardless of age and place of residence. The presence of polymorphisms in the VDR gene (vitamin D receptor) can explain individual differences in the concentration of vitamin D 25(OH) in blood serum. Of particular interest are the effects of the polymorphisms rs731236 and rs2228570 on vitamin levels. Thus, the VDR polymorphism rs731236 is a synonymous substitution, whereas the polymorphism rs2228570 is a non-synonymous substitution. The article investigated the polymorphisms of the VDR gene rs2228570 (T/C), rs731236 (T/C) and determined their association with blood vitamin D levels in people from the Kaliningrad region with different body mass index (BMI). The material for the study was venous blood taken in the morning on an empty stomach from 232 people (mean age 50±13.5 years, 103 men and 129 women). The vitamin D content in the blood was determined by ELISA and the polymorphisms of the VDR gene were analyzed by PCR.</p> <p>In individuals with a BMI &gt; 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, changes in the lipid profile and liver function tests were recorded. The vitamin D level did not depend on the BMI of the study participants. Significant changes in blood vitamin D levels were found depending on the distribution of the VDR genotype. Vitamin D levels were higher in individuals with the CC genotype than in the TT and CT genotypes of the rs2228570 polymorphism and did not depend on BMI. In contrast, the presence of the rs731236 polymorphism in the VDR gene is associated with BMI. In obesity, vitamin D levels are therefore only reduced in people with the TT genotype of the rs731236 polymorphism, but not in people with the CC and TC genotype.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Витамин D является важным микроэлементом, участвующим в многочисленных биологических процессах. Помимо поддержания здоровья костей, оказывает протекторное действие на сердечно-сосудистую систему, поджелудочную железу и жировую ткань. Около 50% населения мира страдают дефицитом или недостаточностью витамина D. Распространенность данных состояний значительно выше у людей с ожирением, независимо от возраста и места проживания.</p> <p>Наличие полиморфизмов в гене VDR (рецептор витамина D) способно объяснить индивидуальные особенности в концентрации витамина D 25(OH) в сыворотке крови. Особый интерес представляет влияние полиморфизмов rs731236 и rs2228570 на уровень витамина. Так, полиморфизм <italic>VDR</italic> rs731236 – это синонимичная замена, тогда как полиморфизм rs2228570 – не синонимичная замена.</p> <p>В статье исследованы полиморфизмы гена VDR rs2228570 (T/C), rs731236 (T/C) и выявлены их взаимосвязи с уровнем витамина D в крови у лиц Калининградской области с различным индексом массы тела (ИМТ). Материалом для исследования была венозная кровь, взятая утром натощак у 232 человек (средний возраст 50±13,5 лет, 103 мужчины и 129 женщин). Содержание витамина D в крови оценивали методом ИФА, полиморфизмы гена VDR – методом ПЦР.</p> <p>У лиц с ИМТ &gt; 30 кг/м<sup>2</sup> регистрировались изменения липидного профиля и печеночных проб. Уровень витамина D не зависел от ИМТ лиц, принявших участие в исследовании. Выявлены значимые изменения уровней витамина D в крови, в зависимости от распределения генотипов гена VDR. Уровень витамина D был выше у лиц с генотипом СС относительно генотипов ТТ и СТ полиморфизма rs2228570 и не зависел от ИМТ. Тогда как наличие полиморфизма rs731236 в гене VDR связано с ИМТ. Так, при ожирении уровень витамина D снижен только у лиц с генотипом TT полиморфизма rs731236, но не у лиц с генотипами СС и ТС.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vitamin D</kwd><kwd>vitamin D receptors</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>type 2 diabetes</kwd><kwd>polymorphisms</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>витамин D</kwd><kwd>рецепторы витамина D</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет 2 типа</kwd><kwd>полиморфизмы</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство РФ</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>FZWM-2024-0012</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Carlberg C. 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