Russian Journal of ImmunologyRussian Journal of ImmunologyРоссийский иммунологический журнал1028-72212782-7291Russian Society of Immunology1707810.46235/1028-7221-17078-SSAREVIEWSОБЗОРЫReview ArticleSchnitzler's syndrome, an underdiagnosed autoinflammatory disease: current and future perspectiveСиндром Шнитцлер - недостаточно диагностируемое аутовоспалительное заболевание – перспективы на будущееJakharManjuДжахарМанджу
India

M. Pharm, PhD (Medicine), Assistant Professor, School of Pharmacy and Emerging Sciences

магистр фармацевтики, к.м.н., доцент Фармацевтического факультет и развивающихся наук

manju.jakhar@baddiuniv.ac.inRaniNidhiРаниНидхи
India

M. Pharm, PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Chitkara College of Pharmacy

магистр фармацевтики, к.м.н., доцент, Фармацевтического колледжа Читкара

nidhiprajapati8@gmail.comSinghRandhirСингхРандхир
India

M. Pharm, PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor

магистр фармацевтики, к.м.н., доцент

randhir.singh@cup.edu.inSinghThakur GurjeetСингхТакур Гурджит
India

M. Pharm, PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Dean, Chitkara College of Pharmacy

магистр фармацевтики, д.м.н., профессор, декан Фармацевтического колледжа Читкары

nidhi.prajapatik8@gmail.comBaddi University of Emerging Sciences & Technology, Baddi, IndiaУниверситет развития наук и технологий, Бадди, ИндияUniversity, Punjab, IndiaУниверситет Пенджаб, Пенджаб, ИндияCentral University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, IndiaЦентральный университет Пенджаба, Батхинда, Пенджаб, Индия220720251801202629143541410202418072025Copyright ©; 2026, Jakhar M., Rani N., Singh R., Singh T.Copyright ©; 2026, Джахар М., Рани Н., Сингх Р., Сингх Т.2026Jakhar M., Rani N., Singh R., Singh T.Джахар М., Рани Н., Сингх Р., Сингх Т.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/17078

Schnitzler's syndrome is a rare but usually underdiagnosed autoinflammatory disease, characterized by monoclonal IgM gammopathy, persistent urticaria, intermittent fever, bone pain, and arthralgia or arthritis. Although first reported by Dr. Liliane Schnitzler in 1972, the syndrome continues to pose challenges in diagnosis, and it usually takes more than five years before it is properly identified. Disorders show up in a form of urticaria, arthritis, organomegaly, fever, lymphadenopathy, high ESR, leukocytosis, and bone pain. Central to its pathogenesis are immunologic perturbations and activation of the inflammasome. It is typically diagnosed through clinical exam with history and important feature identification such as monoclonal gammopathy and acute or relapsing urticarial rash. Therapeutically synthetic agents include anakinra, canakinumab, rilonacept, and anti-IL-6 have been used with variable success. Recent research also demonstrated how natural treatments such as Terminalia chebula, Emblica offcinalis, Schinus terebinthifolia, tulsi, asafoetida, and Wedelia plants have the potential for controlling the symptoms and changing inflammatory paths. Promising medicinal possibilities for these plants, according to in-silico investigations, point to further research into their clinical uses. With new therapy paths that promise better patient outcomes, Schnitzler's illness is overall a therapeutic challenge.

Синдром Шнитцлера — редкое, но обычно недостаточно диагностируемое аутовоспалительное заболевание, характеризующееся моноклональной IgM-гаммапатией, постоянной крапивницей, перемежающейся лихорадкой, болями в костях и артралгией или артритом. Хотя впервые о синдроме сообщила доктор Лилиан Шнитцлер в 1972 году, его диагностика по-прежнему представляет собой сложную задачу, и обычно требуется более пяти лет до окончательного диагноза. Заболевания проявляются в виде крапивницы, артрита, органомегалии, лихорадки, лимфаденопатии, высокой СОЭ, лейкоцитоза и болей в костях. В основе его патогенеза лежат иммунологические нарушения и активация инфламмасом. Диагноз обычно ставится на основании клинического осмотра с анамнезом и выявления важных признаков, таких, как моноклональная гаммапатия и острая или рецидивирующая крапивница. В терапии с переменным успехом используются синтетические препараты, такие как анакинра, канакинумаб, рилонацепт и препараты анти-ИЛ-6. Недавние исследования также показали эффективность таких природных средств, как Terminalia chebula, Emblica offcinalis, Schinus terebinthifolia, Ferula assafoetida, базилика, и растений рода Wedelia, которые могут контролировать симптомы и изменять течение воспалительных процессов. Перспективные лечебные возможности этих растений, согласно результатам компьютерного моделирования, указывают на необходимость дальнейших исследований их клинического применения. С учетом новых подходов к лечению, болезнь Шнитцлера в целом представляет собой сложную терапевтическую задачу.

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