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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="brief-report" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Immunology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Immunology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский иммунологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1028-7221</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-7291</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Russian Society of Immunology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17138</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46235/1028-7221-17138-IOT</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SHORT COMMUNICATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КРАТКИЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Short Communication</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Indices of the peripheral blood cellular immunity elderly in the patients with malnutrition</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Показатели клеточного иммунитета периферической крови пожилых пациентов при мальнутриции</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Plekhova</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плехова</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Biology), Associate Professor, Head, Interdisciplinary Research Center</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., доцент, заведующая Междисциплинарным научно-исследовательским центром</p></bio><email>pl_nat@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kabalyk</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кабалык</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Head, Geriatric Center, Geriatrician</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., заведующий гериатрическим центром, врач-гериатр</p></bio><email>pl_nat@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsvetov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цветов</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant, Institute of Clinical Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент Института клинической неврологии и реабилитационной медицины</p></bio><email>pl_nat@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorokhovskaya</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гороховская</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Therapist, Therapeutic Department No. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>терапевт, терапевтическое отделение № 2</p></bio><email>pl_nat@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanyuk</surname><given-names>M. М.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванюк</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Therapist, Admission Department</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>терапевт, приёмное отделение</p></bio><email>pl_nat@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Prosekova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Просекова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, General and Clinical Immunology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой клинической лабораторной диагностики, общей и клинической иммунологии</p></bio><email>pl_nat@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Beldy</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бельды</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Laboratory Assistant, Interdisciplinary Research Center</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборант Междисциплинарного научно-исследовательского центра</p></bio><email>pl_nat@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dondokova</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дондокова</surname><given-names>О. Э.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Laboratory Assistant, Interdisciplinary Research Center</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборант Междисциплинарного научно-исследовательского центра</p></bio><email>pl_nat@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sabynych</surname><given-names>V. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сабыныч</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, General and Clinical Immunology</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры клинической лабораторной диагностики, общей и клинической иммунологии</p></bio><email>pl_nat@hotmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pacific State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Тихоокеанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Hospital for War Veterans</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">КГБУЗ «Госпиталь для ветеранов войн»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2025-07-10" publication-format="electronic"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-18" publication-format="electronic"><day>18</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>829</fpage><lpage>836</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-03-27"><day>27</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-05-31"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Plekhova N.G., Kabalyk M.A., Tsvetov N.V., Gorokhovskaya P.V., Ivanyuk M.М., Prosekova E.V., Beldy E.S., Dondokova O.E., Sabynych V.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Плехова Н.Г., Кабалык М.А., Цветов Н.В., Гороховская П.В., Иванюк М.М., Просекова Е.В., Бельды Е.С., Дондокова О.Э., Сабыныч В.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Plekhova N.G., Kabalyk M.A., Tsvetov N.V., Gorokhovskaya P.V., Ivanyuk M.М., Prosekova E.V., Beldy E.S., Dondokova O.E., Sabynych V.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Плехова Н.Г., Кабалык М.А., Цветов Н.В., Гороховская П.В., Иванюк М.М., Просекова Е.В., Бельды Е.С., Дондокова О.Э., Сабыныч В.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/17138">https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/17138</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The complex dynamic process of immunosenescence is characterized by significant changes in compartments and functions of both innate and acquired defense of the organism associated with continuous depletion of immune cells. The imbalance resulting from insufficient nutrient intake, malnutrition, affects the pathogenesis of chronic diseases. The aim of the study: to determine the subpopulations of CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup>T lymphocytes, B cells, naive and memory cells in malnutrition. Total number of lymphocytes, cytotoxic and T helper subsets, percentage of CD45RA<sup>+</sup> naive and CD45RO<sup>+</sup> memory cells, neutrophils and monocytes were determined in peripheral blood of healthy individuals &lt; 60 years old (20 people) and older persons (22 people), and in patients with moderate (22 people) and severe malnutrition (20 people). Positive correlations were established for patients with malnutrition between the parameters of standard evaluation scales and bioimpedance analysis, namely, lean mass (r = 0.654, p &lt; 0.001), active cellular (r = 0.875, p &lt; 0.001) and muscle mass (r = 0.679, p &lt; 0.001). In elderly individuals, a significantly increased percentage of total CD3<sup>+</sup> cells of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and neutrophils was observed, and, conversely, the number of B lymphocytes and NK cells was decreased (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the number of naive cells (CD45RA) was decreased and the number of memory cells (CD45R0) increased. A negative correlation was established between the presence of malnutrition in patients and the number of CD45RA<sup>+</sup> from CD3<sup>+</sup> cells and their CD4<sup>+</sup> subpopulation (rCD3<sup>+</sup> = -0.692, rCD4<sup>+</sup> = -0.595). On the contrary, a positive correlation was revealed with levels of CD45R0<sup>+</sup>T lymphocytes (rCD3<sup>+</sup> = 0.714, rCD4<sup>+</sup> = 0.718, respectively). With increased severity of malnutrition, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were found to be significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.05). In elderly people, compared to young persons, we have found an increased number of neutrophils, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and, conversely, lower numbers of B lymphocytes and NK cells (p &lt; 0.05). In elderly patients with malnutrition, compared to young people, the number of naive lymphocytes and CD8<sup>+</sup>T memory cells is decreased, and the number of CD4<sup>+</sup>T memory cells is significantly higher. The indexes of systemic inflammation in elderly patients correlate with degree of malnutrition.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Сложный динамический процесс иммуностарения характеризуется значительными изменениями компонентов и функций врожденной и приобретенной защиты организма при непрерывном истощении иммунных клеток. Несбалансированное состояние, возникающее в результате недостаточного потребления питательных веществ, мальнутриция, оказывает влияние на патогенез хронических заболеваний. Цель исследования<bold><italic> </italic></bold>– определение субпопуляций CD4<sup>+</sup> и CD8<sup>+</sup>Т-лимфоцитов, В-клеток, наивных и клеток памяти при мальнутриции. Общее количество лимфоцитов, цитотоксических, Т-хелперов, процент CD45RА<sup>+</sup> наивных и CD45RO+ клеток памяти, нейтрофилов и моноцитов были определены в периферической крови здоровых лиц менее (20 человек) и более 60 лет (22 человека) и у пациентов с умеренной (22 человека) и тяжелой степенью мальнутриции (20 человек). Установлены положительная корреляция для пациентов с мальнутрицией между показателями стандартных шкал и биоимпедансного анализа, а именно безжировой (r = 0,654, p &lt; 0,001), активной клеточной (r = 0,875, p &lt; 0,001) и мышечной массами (r = 0,679, p &lt; 0,001). У пожилых лиц отмечалось достоверное повышение процента от общего числа CD3<sup>+</sup> клеток цитотоксических Т-лимфоцитов, нейтрофилов и, напротив, снижение количества В-лимфоцитов и NK-клеток (p &lt; 0,05). Также снижалось количество наивных клеток (CD45RA) и повышалось число клеток памяти (CD45R0). Установлена отрицательная корреляция между наличием мальнутриции у пациентов и количеством CD45RA<sup>+</sup> от CD3<sup>+</sup> клеток и их CD4<sup>+</sup> субпопуляции (rCD3<sup>+</sup> = -0,692, rCD4<sup>+</sup> = -0,595) и, напротив, положительная с показателями CD45R0<sup>+</sup>Т-лимфоцитов (rCD3<sup>+</sup> = 0,714, rCD4<sup>+</sup> = 0,718 соответственно). При нарастании степени выраженности мальнутриции достоверно снижался показатель соотношения нейтрофилов к лимфоцитам (p &lt; 0,05). У пожилых людей по сравнению с молодыми установлено повышение числа нейтрофилов, цитотоксических Т-лимфоцитов и, напротив, снижение количества В-лимфоцитов и NK-клеток (p &lt; 0,05). У пожилых пациентов с мальнутрицией по сравнению с молодыми людьми снижаются показатели числа наивных лимфоцитов и CD8<sup>+</sup>Т-клеток памяти, а количество CD4<sup>+</sup>Т-клеток памяти значительно повышается. Показатель системного воспаления у пожилых пациентов коррелирует со степенью выраженности мальнутриции.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>immunosenescence</kwd><kwd>inflamaging</kwd><kwd>malnutrition</kwd><kwd>lymphocytes</kwd><kwd>naive cells</kwd><kwd>memory cells</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>иммуностарение</kwd><kwd>инфламейджинг</kwd><kwd>мальнутриция</kwd><kwd>лимфоциты</kwd><kwd>наивные клетки</kwd><kwd>клетки памяти</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>056-00055-24-00</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Avci G.U., Kanat B.B., Can G., Erdincler D.S., Doventas A., Yavuzer H. 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