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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Immunology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Immunology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский иммунологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1028-7221</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-7291</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Russian Society of Immunology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17351</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46235/1028-7221-17351-IIS</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">IMMUNOTHERAPY IN SPECIFIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaur</surname><given-names>Sifat</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IN">India</country></address><email>sifat22092.ccp@chitkara.edu.in</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Verma</surname><given-names>Reet</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>reet22082.ccp@chitkara.edu.in</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Jhakar</surname><given-names>Manju</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IN">India</country></address><email>manju.jakhar@baddiuniv.ac.in</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rani</surname><given-names>Dr. Nidhi</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IN">India</country></address><email>nidhiprajapati8@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Singh</surname><given-names>Thakur Gurjeet</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="IN">India</country></address><email>gurjeetthakur@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Chitkara University, Punjab, India</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Baddi University of emerging sciences and technology, Baddi, H.P., India</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-02-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-04"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-01-18"><day>18</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; , Rani D., Kaur S., Verma R., Jhakar M., Singh T.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; , Rani D., Kaur S., Verma R., Jhakar M., Singh T.</copyright-statement><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rani D., Kaur S., Verma R., Jhakar M., Singh T.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Rani D., Kaur S., Verma R., Jhakar M., Singh T.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/17351">https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/17351</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The gold standard for treating autoimmune illnesses now consists of biological medications as well as small molecule inhibitors that target immune cells, inflammatory cytokines, and intracellular kinases. The therapy of autoimmune conditions like psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, and rheumatoid arthritis can be cured by the suppression of TNF, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-23. Anti-CD20 mAb-based B cell depletion therapy has demonstrated encouraging outcomes in subjects with neuroinflammatory disorders, and lupus can be cured by blocking B cell survival factors. By altering T lymphocyte activity, aiming co-stimulatory entities uttered on antigen-revealing cells and T lymphocyte is found to exhibit healing properties in auto-immune disorders. In the realm of autoimmune and hematologic disorders, small entity kinase inhibitors that target the JAK family have recently attracted a lot of attention. Regarding therapeutic effectiveness and safety profiles, there are still unmet medical demands, nonetheless. Emerging treatments use cutting- edge molecular engineering methods to create immunological tolerance without impairing immune function.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p/></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Autoimmune</kwd><kwd>Inflammatory</kwd><kwd>Immune</kwd><kwd>Immunological</kwd><kwd>neuroinflammatory</kwd><kwd>immune cells.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Attwood MM, Fabbro D, Sokolov AV, Knapp S, Schiöth HB. Trends in kinase drug discovery: targets,indications and inhibitor design. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 2021 Nov;20(11):839-61.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>autoimmune diseases. Clinical reviews in allergy &amp; immunology. 2020 Oct;59:248-72.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Bell S, Kamm MA. Antibodies to tumour necrosis factor α as treatment for Crohn's disease. 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