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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Immunology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Immunology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский иммунологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1028-7221</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-7291</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Russian Society of Immunology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">364</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S102872210006649-8</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">SYNERGISTIC INTERACTIONS OF NOD1 AND TLR4 RECEPTORS OF INNATE IMMUNITY</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>СИНЕРГИЧЕСКОЕ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ РЕЦЕПТОРОВ NOD1 И TLR4 ВРОЖДЕННОГО ИММУНИТЕТА</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Murugina</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муругина</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>junior researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>м. н. с. лаборатории клинической иммунологии,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Budikhina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Будихина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической иммунологии,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maximchik</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимчик</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, researcher, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., научный сотрудник лаборатории изучения механизмов апоптоза, Факультет фундаментальной медицины,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dagil</surname><given-names>Y. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дагиль</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник целевой поисковой лаборатории иммунологии Фонда перспективных исследований,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balyasova</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балясова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>junior researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>м. н. с. лаборатории клинической иммунологии,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Murugin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муругин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, researcher, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., научный сотрудник лаборатории клинической иммунологии,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chkadua</surname><given-names>G. Z.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чкадуа</surname><given-names>Г. З.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD, senior researcher, Laboratory of experimental diagnostics and biotherapy of tumors,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. м. н., с. н. с. лаборатории экспериментальной диагностики и биотерапии опухолей,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pinegin</surname><given-names>B. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пинегин</surname><given-names>Б. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Professor, Doctor of medical sciences, Head of the Department of immunodiagnostics and immunocorrection,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., профессор, заведующий отделом иммунодиагностики и иммунокоррекции,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashenkov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пащенков</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of medical sciences, Acting head of the Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. м. н., и. о. заведующего лабораторией клинической иммунологии,</p><p>115522 Москва, Каширское шоссе, д. 24</p></bio><email>mvpashenkov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">National Research Center “Institute of Immunology” of the Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «ГНЦ Институт иммунологии» ФМБА России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский Государственный Университет им. М. В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">FSBI “N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н. Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-07-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>2-2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>858</fpage><lpage>860</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-06-17"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-06-17"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Murugina N.E., Budikhina A.S., Maximchik P.V., Dagil Y.A., Balyasova L.S., Murugin V.V., Chkadua G.Z., Pinegin B.V., Pashenkov M.V.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Муругина Н.Е., Будихина А.С., Максимчик П.В., Дагиль Ю.А., Балясова Л.С., Муругин В.В., Чкадуа Г.З., Пинегин Б.В., Пащенков М.В.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Murugina N.E., Budikhina A.S., Maximchik P.V., Dagil Y.A., Balyasova L.S., Murugin V.V., Chkadua G.Z., Pinegin B.V., Pashenkov M.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Муругина Н.Е., Будихина А.С., Максимчик П.В., Дагиль Ю.А., Балясова Л.С., Муругин В.В., Чкадуа Г.З., Пинегин Б.В., Пащенков М.В.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/364">https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/364</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We performed a simultaneous analysis of cytokine expression and metabolic reprogramming of macrophages upon combined stimulation of NOD1 and TLR4 receptors of innate immunity. NOD1 and TLR4 agonists boosted main parameters of glycolysis (extracellular acidification rate, glucose consumption, lactate release). However, changes of these parameters upon combined stimulation were not greater than those induced by stimulation of each individual receptor. At the same time, combined stimulation synergistically induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production and mRNA expression at relatively late time points (4–9 hours) after addition of agonists. In all, metabolic reprogramming may support synergistic induction of cytokines upon combined NOD1 and TLR4 stimulation; however, the origin of this synergy is in the synergistic induction of cytokine gene expression.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Впервые проведено комплексное изучение экспрессии цитокинов и метаболического репрограммирования макрофагов при сочетанной стимуляции рецепторов NOD1 и TLR4 врожденного иммунитета. Агонисты NOD1 и TLR4 стимулировали основные параметры гликолиза (скорость закисления внеклеточной среды, потребление глюкозы, высвобождение лактата), однако изменения этих показателей при сочетанной стимуляции не превышали сумму изменений при раздельной стимуляции. В то же время при сочетанной стимуляции наблюдалось синергическое увеличение продукции провоспалительных цитокинов и экспрессии их мРНК на сравнительно поздних сроках (4‒9 ч) после добавления агонистов. Таким образом, метаболическая перестройка может поддерживать синергическое увеличение синтеза цитокинов при сочетанной стимуляции NOD1 и TLR4, однако первопричина синергизма заключается в синергическом увеличении экспрессии генов цитокинов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>macrophages</kwd><kwd>muramyl peptides</kwd><kwd>NOD1</kwd><kwd>TLR4</kwd><kwd>tumor necrosis factor</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>макрофаги</kwd><kwd>мурамилпептиды</kwd><kwd>метаболическое репрограммирование</kwd><kwd>гликолиз</kwd><kwd>NOD1</kwd><kwd>TLR4</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. Tukhvatulin A. I., Gitlin I. I., Shcheblyakov D. V., Artemicheva N. M., Burdelya L. G., Shmarov M.M, Naroditsky B. S., Gudkov A. V., Gintsburg A. L., Logunov D. Y. 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