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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Immunology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Immunology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Российский иммунологический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1028-7221</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-7291</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Russian Society of Immunology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">60</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46235/1028-7221-009-HSC</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY IMMUNODEFICIENCY DERIVED FROM AN ALTERNATIVE DONOR BY USING NEW TRANSPLANT ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦИЯ ГЕМОПОЭТИЧЕСКИХ СТВОЛОВЫХ КЛЕТОК ПАЦИЕНТАМ С ПЕРВИЧНЫМИ ИММУНОДЕФИЦИТАМИ ОТ АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНОГО ДОНОРА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ НОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ИНЖИНИРИНГА ТРАНСПЛАНТАТА</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balashov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балашов</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Balashov Dmitry N. D. PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Department No. 2</p><p>Phone: 7 (495) 221-66-40. 117997, Moscow, Samori Mashela str., 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балашов Дмитрий Николаевич – д.м.н., профессор, заведующий отделением трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток № 2</p><p>117997, Москва, ГСП-7, ул. Саморы Машела, 1 Teл.: 8 (495) 221-66-40</p></bio><email>bala8@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Maschan</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масчан</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maschan M.A., PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Director, High School of Molecular and Experimental Medicine</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Масчан М.А. – д.м.н., профессор, директор Высшей школы молекулярной и экспериментальной медицины</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbina</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербина</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shcherbina A.Yu., PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Сlinical Immunology Department, Deputy Director</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щербина А.Ю. – д.м.н., профессор, заведующая отделением клинической иммунологии, заместитель директора Института гематологии, иммунологии и клеточных технологий</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantsev</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцев</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rumyantsev A.G., PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, President</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Румянцев А.Г. – д.м.н., профессор, президент</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">D. Rogachev National Medical Research Centre for Pediatric Hemtology, Oncology and Immunology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачева» Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-01-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>79</fpage><lpage>90</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2020-04-14"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2020-04-14"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2020</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2020, Balashov D.N., Maschan M.A., Shcherbina A.Y., Rumyantsev A.G.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2020, Балашов Д.Н., Масчан М.А., Щербина А.Ю., Румянцев А.Г.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Balashov D.N., Maschan M.A., Shcherbina A.Y., Rumyantsev A.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Балашов Д.Н., Масчан М.А., Щербина А.Ю., Румянцев А.Г.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/60">https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/60</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Analysis of the results of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) derived from alternative donors in patients with primary immunodeficiency syndromes. 110 HSCTs for patients with PIDs derived from alternative donors (unrelated, n = 85, haploidentical, t = 25) were performed at the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Centre within 2012-2017 timeframe. In all cases, there were used conditioning regimes with reduced toxicity based on threosulfan TCRotP+/CD19+ depletion with immunomagnetic method were used as the basic cell transplant preparation. The cumulative probability of acute GVHD was 17% (95% CI 10-25) (n = 18); however, it should be noted that in 16 of 18 cases, an acute GVHD, stage II, was observed, showing a good response to the first line therapy; but acute GVHD, stage III, was documented only in 2 patients. Reactivation of cytomegalovirus infection remained one of the serious issues, with a cumulative probability of its reactivation reaching up to 50% and CMV visceral infection rate found in 15.4% cases. The conditioning regimen in patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome by using granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and plerixafor demonstrated a full control over transplant dysfunction compared to control group.</p><p>Rate of immunological reconstitution upon inoculation of HSCT on the platform TCRotP+/CD19+ deletion did not differ in dynamics from that one after using undepleted HSCT together with native hematopoietic stem cell sources in a historical cohort. The overall survival probability for entire PID patient cohort was 84% (95% CI 77-92). No differences in patients transplanted from unrelated and haploidentical donors were revealed by assessing any of the studied parameters.</p><p>Introduction of new HSCT technologies allows us to dramatically minimize adverse outcomes of PIDs and opens new avenues for further research in cellular regulation of autoinflammatory oncological and infectious disorders resulting in lethal outcome in PID patients.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель исследования – анализ результатов трансплантации гемопоэтических стволовых клеток (ТГСК) от альтернативных доноров при первичных иммунодефицитных синдромах.</p><p>С 2012 по 2017 годы в НМИЦ ДГОИ им. Дмитрия Рогачева выполнено 110 ТГСК пациентам с ПИДС от альтернативных доноров (неродственных, n = 85, гаплоидентичных, n = 25). Во всех случаях использовались режимы кондиционирования с редуцированной токсичностью на основе треосульфана. В качестве базовой подготовки трансплантата использовалась TCRotP+/CD19+ деплеция с помощью иммуномагнитного метода.</p><p>Кумулятивная вероятность острой РТПХ составила 17% (95% ДИ 10-25) (n = 18), однако следует отметить, что в 16 из 18 случаев отмечалась острая РТПХ II стадии, с хорошим ответом на первую линию терапии; лишь у 2 пациентов была выявлена острая РТПХ III стадии. Реактивация цитомегаловирусной инфекции оставалась одной из серьезных проблем, с кумулятивной вероятностью реактивации 50% и частотой висцеральных инфекций 15,4%.</p><p>Режим кондиционирования у пациентов с синдромом Вискотта–Олдрича с использованием гранулоцитарного колониестимулирующего фактора и плериксафора продемонстрировал полный контроль дисфункций трансплантата по сравнению с контрольной группой.</p><p>Темпы иммунологической реконституции при применении ТГСК на платформе TCRotP+/CD19+ деплеции не отличались по своей динамике от восстановления иммунного статуса после недеплетированной ТГСК с использованием нативных источников гемопоэтических стволовых клеток в исторической когорте. Вероятность общей выживаемости всей когорты пациентов с ПИДС составила 84% (95% ДИ 77-92). Различий в группах пациентов, трансплантированных от неродственного и гаплоидентичного донора, не было выявлено ни в одном из исследуемых параметров.</p><p>Внедрение новых перспективных технологий ТГСК позволяет радикально изменить неблагоприятные исходы ПИДС и открывает новые горизонты для дальнейших исследований в области клеточной регуляции аутовоспалительных онкологических и инфекционных расстройств, приводящих к гибели больных ПИДС.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>primary immunodeficiencies states</kwd><kwd>hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</kwd><kwd>TCRaP+/CD19+ depletion</kwd><kwd>chimerism</kwd><kwd>haploidentical donor</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>первичные иммунодефициты</kwd><kwd>трансплантация гемопоэтических стволовых клеток</kwd><kwd>TCRaP+/ CD19+ деплеция</kwd><kwd>химеризм</kwd><kwd>гаплоидентичный донор</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>1. 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