JAK/STAT SIGNALING: NEW PERSPECTIVES IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF OBESITY

Abstract

The problem of obesity has not tended to be resolved over the past decades. It has been proven that obesity is one of the important pathogenetic factors of metabolic disorders in the body, leading to the development of various pathologies. Despite numerous studies, the results of which clarify aspects of the pathogenesis of obesity and associated changes in metabolism, many questions remain. The aim of this study was to study the components of the JAK / STAT signaling system - proteins STAT1, STAT3, SOCS1, SOCS3, as well as the level of cytokine IL-6 in the blood serum of obese individuals. 210 patients were examined, divided into groups: I - individuals with normal body weight; II - patients with overweight; III - patients with metabolically healthy obesity, IV - patients with metabolically unhealthy obesity. A set of immunological and general clinical research methods was used in the work. The study revealed significantly altered values of JAK/STAT signaling system components and IL-6 cytokine levels in the blood serum in obese patients. Increased IL-6 cytokine levels in the blood serum were found in obese patients, as well as statistically significant correlation of IL-6 with lipid profile parameters, STAT1,3 and SOCS1,3 proteins. STAT1 and STAT3 levels were decreased in obese individuals in contrast to individuals with normal and overweight body weight. An imbalance of SOCS1 and SOCS 3 proteins was also observed in individuals with different obesity phenotypes. Significant correlations were established between serum IL-6, STAT1, STAT3, SOCS1 and SOCS3 levels and lipid metabolism parameters in patients with MHO and MUO. The results of the conducted studies are consistent with the available literature data on changes in the expression of STAT1,3 and SOCS1,3 proteins in obese patients, the importance of SOCS1,3 proteins in the regulation of STAT expression by the principle of negative feedback, the participation of the cytokine IL-6 in the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling system and the maintenance of meta-inflammation in obese individuals. Thus, the study of JAK/STAT signaling indicators may be a promising direction in diagnostics and the search for new strategies in the fight against obesity.