STUDY OF CYTOKINE AND CHEMOKINE LEVELS IN OLIGOMENORRHEA IN OBESE ADOLESCENT GIRLS

Abstract

The last decades are characterized by the growth of obesity among children and adolescents, which is the main risk factor for chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and endocrinopathies leading to menstrual irregularities and infertility in the reproductive period. Under conditions of excess nutrients, adipose tissue macrophages are polarized into the M1 phenotype and secrete many proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines that form an inflammatory response due to chemotaxis of immunocompetent cells that affect metabolism, leading to a decrease in the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and impaired adipogenesis. A close relationship has been proven between obesity and the activation of immune system factors as the main cause of energy imbalance, but their role in the genesis of oligomenorrhea has not been sufficiently studied.

The purpose of the work. Study of the content of cytokines and chemokines in oligomenorrhea in adolescent girls with obesity.

Materials and methods. The study involved 30 adolescent girls with obesity and oligomenorrhea (Group I). For the purpose of comparative evaluation, 23 patients without signs of metabolic syndrome (Group II) were examined. The control group included 20 practically healthy patients. The level of omentin in the blood serum was determined by ELISA using diagnostic kits BioVendor (Czech Republic), the level of IL-6, MCP-1, IFN-γ - BenderMedSystems (Austria). Mathematical processing of the research results was carried out using the Statistica 10.0 program. The Mann-Whitney criterion was used to determine the differences between the groups. Statistically significant values ​​were p <0.05.

Results. Obesity is associated with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which can stimulate signaling cascades that disrupt the processes of adipose tissue metabolism. IL-6, MCP-1, IFN-γ act as modulators that promote inflammation, which is crucial for the development of insulin resistance. Discoordination of immunoregulatory processes. contribute to the progression of the inflammatory process and confirm the role of immune factors in the genesis of ovarian dysfunction in adolescent girls.

Conclusion. Improving the understanding of the underlying immunopathological processes that accompany obesity in adolescent girls may be useful for predicting oligomenorrhea and developing potential treatment approaches.