EVALUATION OF THE PREVENTIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF RUSSIAN INFLUENZA VACCINES IN THE EPIDEMIC SEASONS OF 2018-2021



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Abstract

Abstract

Monitoring the effectiveness of influenza vaccines annually enables the development of measures aimed at decreasing influenza incidence, hospitalization, and mortality rates. The epidemiological effectiveness of several Russian domestic influenza vaccines was evaluated in St. Petersburg in the 2018-2021 epidemic seasons. 6912 male and female participants aged 18-23 were monitored from 2018 to 2021. Sovigripp, Grippol Plus, Ultrix, and Ultrix Quadri inactivated influenza vaccines were used for immunization. In 2018-2019, when the vaccine strains fully matched the circulating influenza viruses, prophylactic vaccination resulted in a 2.7 to 7.1-fold reduction in influenza cases. The protective effectiveness of the vaccines against influenza and acute respiratory infections (ARIs) totaled 52.4%, reaching 73.0% effectiveness against influenza after laboratory confirmation. In the epidemic season 2019-2020, when the circulating viruses and vaccine strains did not fully match, the incidence of influenza and ARIs reduced twice due to vaccination; the total vaccine effectiveness against influenza and ARIs amounted to 50.0%. The Grippol Plus, Ultrix, and Ultrix Quadri vaccines proved to be the most effective, demonstrating a total effectiveness of 70.6%-75.0% and a 65.5%-83.5% effectiveness against influenza A and B. In the 2020-2021 epidemic season, no data on the preventive effectiveness of the influenza vaccines could be obtained due to the outbreak of COVID-19 and the absence of detectable influenza virus shedding in the study participants. The results obtained are consistent with WHO experts' estimates which indicate that modern influenza vaccines reduce the incidence of influenza in adults by 70-90% if the vaccine strains match the circulating virus strains.

About the authors

Mariana K. Erofeeva

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation

Email: mariana.erofeeva@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1860-3857

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Trials of Novel Remedies for Antiviral Protection

Russian Federation, prof. Popov street, 15/17, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Zhanna V. Buzitskaya

=Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation

Email: janna.buzitskaya@influenza.spb.ru

Sci. (Biol.), Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Vectors Vaccines

prof. Popov street, 15/17, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Elizaveta V. Shakhlanskaya

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation

Email: liza.shakhlanskaya@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4257-7345

Researcher at the Laboratory of Trials of Novel Remedies for Antiviral Protection

Russian Federation, prof. Popov street, 15/17, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Maria M. Pisareva

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation

Email: maria.pisareva@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1499-9957

Sci. (Biol.)., Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Biology

Russian Federation, prof. Popov street, 15/17, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Marina A. Stukova

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation

Email: marina.stukova@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2127-3820

Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Vector Vaccines

Russian Federation, prof. Popov street, 15/17, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

Dmitry A. Lioznov

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation;
Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation

Author for correspondence.
Email: dmitry.lioznov@influenza.spb.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3643-7354

Dr. Sci. (Med.), Director of the Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology of the Pavlov First State Medical University of St. Petersburg

Russian Federation, prof. Popov street, 15/17, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

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Copyright (c) Erofeeva M., Buzitskaya Z., Shakhlanskaya E., Pisareva M., Stukova M., Lioznov D.

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