Role of antisperm antibodies in the formation of infertility in varicocele and infertility

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Abstract

An effect of ASA on reproductive function may be accomplished via several ways. At the present stage, despite the large number of available studies, there is no unequivocal understanding regarding prevalence of the immunological infertility in infertile males and adolescents with varicocele, who have a high risk of future infertility. Hence, it is necessary not only determining the serum and ejaculate level of antisperm antibodies (ASA) as one of prognostic infertility criteria, but also assessing their dynamic concentration depending on the degree of varicocele, after surgical correction. Objective of the study – to evaluate a role of ASA in developing infertility in infertile males of active reproductive age as well as adolescents with varicocele, to assess dynamics in serum ASA level in various age groups of adolescents, depending on the degree of varicocele, after surgical correction. For adolescents with left-sided varicocele and without varicocele, serum ASA level was measured annually at within age of subjects from 14 to 17 years, whereas ASA titer in seminal fluid was estimated at the age of 17 years. Dynamic levels of serum ACA were measured in the main vs. comparison group, between the groups based on degree of varicocele, between the groups before and after surgical correction of varicocele. 100 infertile and 30 fertile males were examined underwent a single measurement of serum and ejaculate ASA level. Anti-sperm autoimmune reactions are not the lead cause of male infertility, as none of the examined groups with reproductive pathology were highlighted by increased level of serum ASA found to be higher than the permissible normal limit. Detection of ASA in blood serum within the reference interval indicates that the hematotesticular barrier is not completely impenetrable, thereby contributing to developing immunological gamete tolerance. The degree of varicocele and surgical correction do not provoke development of autoimmune reactions against spermatozoa. Similar serum ASA levels in infertile patients and patients with varicocele without a tendency to decrease in the latter; the presence of ASA in seminal fluid requires further monitoring of such patients for timely diagnostics of developing immunological form of infertility.

About the authors

V. A. Chereshnev

Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: fake@neicon.ru

PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Full Member, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chief Research Associate, Laboratory of Immunophysiology and Immunopharmacology

Yekaterinburg

Russian Federation

S. V. Pichugova

Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Clinical Diagnostic Center

Author for correspondence.
Email: ekb-lem@mail.ru

Pichugova Svetlana V. - PhD (Medicine), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Immunopathophysiology; Physician, Laboratory of Electron Microscopy

620144, Yekaterinburg, 8 March str., 78в

Phone: 7 (905) 802-15-39

Russian Federation

I. V. Rybina

Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Clinical Diagnostic Center

Email: fake@neicon.ru

PhD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Immunopathophysiology; Head, Ggenetics Laboratory

Yekaterinburg

Russian Federation

Ya. B. Beikin

Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Clinical Diagnostic Center

Email: fake@neicon.ru

PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Head, Laboratory of Immunopathophysiology; Chief Physician

Yekaterinburg

Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2020 Chereshnev V.A., Pichugova S.V., Rybina I.V., Beikin Y.B.

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