REACTIONS OF CD8+, CD4+, CD79A AND FASCIN+ CELLS IN THE LIVER DURING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF DIFFERENT INTENSITY



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Abstract

AbstractThe liver is an element of the immune system, consists of cells of innate and adaptive immunity (populations of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B lymphocytes). Dysregulation of immune mechanisms leads to pathological inflammation, characterized by progressive organ damage. The study of changes in the functional state of various body systems, organs and tissues, including processes occurring with the participation of the immune system, is an important section of modern fundamental and applied areas of medical and biological knowledge. The aim of the study is to study the proportion of CD8+, CD4+, CD79a and Fascin+ cells in the liver during physical activity of varying intensity. Material and methods. The experiments were carried out on male rats, which reproduced physical activity of varying intensity. Animals of all series underwent 10 sessions of water load, after which they were taken out of the experiment immediately after the last session. After the animals were withdrawn from the experiment, the liver was removed, paraffin blocks were prepared, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and immunohistochemical studies were performed on CD8+, CD4+, CD79a, and Fascin+.

Results. The presented study revealed that with light physical activity, the studied markers did not change compared to the intact group. With moderate physical activity, the proportion of CD4+ cells increased by 1.5 times. A reaction from T-helpers, which underlies the cell-mediated immune response, was noted. With severe physical activity, the proportion of CD8+ cells increased by 2.4 times (p=0.002), Fascin+ by 3.8 times (p=0.04), and CD79a+ cells by 2.5 times (p=0.002) compared to the intact group. A reaction from T-killers was detected, and the humoral link of the immune system was also involved. Histological examination revealed alterative processes and an inflammatory reaction. There was activation of the T-cell immune response, mainly due to CD8+ lymphocytes. When studying correlation interactions during moderate physical activity, the relationship between CD4+/ CD8+ was strong (r=0.8 p<0.05). A moderate relationship was also determined between CD79a/ Fascin (r=0.7 p<0.05) during moderate and severe physical activity. During severe physical activity, strong correlation interactions were detected between CD8+/CD4+ (r=-0.8 p<0.05). A strong positive relationship was found between Fascin/ CD79 (r=-0.8 p<0.05). Conclusion: liver damage during heavy physical exertion is associated with the reaction of components of the cellular and humoral links of immunity. Histologically, alterative changes and an inflammatory reaction in the liver tissue were noted.

About the authors

Olga Vasilevna Alpidovskaya

Chuvash State University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Cheboksary, Russian Federation

Author for correspondence.
Email: olavorobeva@mail.ru

Associate Professor of the Department of General and Clinical Morphology and Forensic Medicine

Russian Federation

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