PERIPHERAL BLOOD T-LYMPHOCYTES IN BURN INJURY IN YOUNG CHILDREN

Abstract

The method of flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies CD3, CD4, CD8, CD25 and HLA-DR carried out immunophenotyping of blood lymphocytes. Using ELISA determined β2-microglobulin (β2-m) in blood serum. 31 patients were examined who were treated in the burn center of the city of Tyumen, including 19 boys and 12 girls, aged 1 year to 3 years, with the area of ​​burn wounds of II-IIIAB degree from 7% to 70% of the body surface. Analyzes were performed twenty four hours, seven and twenty days after the burn, seven and twenty days after injury.There was a statistically significant decrease in the absolute number of CD3-positive cells (p<0.001) and the ratio of CD4/CD8 (p<0.05) in the first 24 hours compared with the control. The absolute number of CD3+ cells increased by day 20 of the disease (p <0.05), but there were still fewer control numbers. The expression of CD25 on T-lymphocytes does not significantly increase after a burn, and the level of HLA-DR significantly increases after 20 burns (p<0.001). In addition, there was a significant correlation between the mean values ​​of β2-m and the values ​​of CD25 expression (r = 0.58) in the first 24 hours after the injury. Significant negative correlations werefound between the average values ​​of β2-m and the absolute numbers of CD3+ and CD4+ cells after 24 hours and seven days of illness. The average values ​​of β2-m throughout the duration of the study were significantly higher in patients with burns than in the control group, but without significant differences between the measurements after 24 hours, 7 or 20 days. The data obtained indicate a constant activation of T-lymphocytes twenty days after severe burns. Early release of β2-m is associated with activation of lymphocytes, increasing their susceptibility to apoptosis, which indicates an altered immune response and the need to maintain the immune system of patients in the first hours after severe burns.