CLINICAL EFFICACY AND MECHANISM OF ACTION OF RECOMBINANT INTERFERON Α2B AND INTERFERON Α2B IN COMBINATION WITH Γ-D-GLUTAMYL-L-TRYPTOPHAN IN CHRONIC POLYPOUS RHINOSINUSITIS WITH COMORBID BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

Abstract

Known methods of treating chronic polypous rhinosinusitis do not have a significant effect on the progressive nature of the disease. Recently, anticytokine therapy has been developed and introduced. However, the high cost of drugs and the complexity of their production make it necessary to search for other drugs with similar mechanisms of action. Such immunotropic drugs can be recombinant interferon α2b and the γ-D-glutamyl-L-tryptophan. The aim of the study is to study the mechanism of action and evaluate the effectiveness of local application of interferon α2b and γ-D-glutamyl-L-tryptophan in chronic polypous rhinosinusitis with concomitant bronchial asthma. Patients of the first group (31 people) were injected with interferon α2b at a dose of 1 million units into the polypous tissue for five days. Patients of the second group (31 people) were injected with interferon α2b at a dose of 1 million units and γ-D-glutamyl-L-tryptophan at a dose of 0.1 mg into the polypous tissue for five days. Patients were observed for a year. Before treatment and 1 month after treatment, a biopsy of polypous tissue was performed with analysis of morphological changes. Local administration of interferon α2b and its combination with the γ-D-glutamyl-L-tryptophan into polypous tissue causes a decrease in the activity of T2 inflammation: decreased intercellular edema, tissue compaction, decreased the number of lymphocytes, eosinophils, plasma cells infiltrating the mucous membrane of polypous tissue. An analysis of the study results based on an assessment of the size of polyps showed that a month after therapy, the size of the polyps decreased, and when using interferon α2b with γ-D-glutamyl-L-tryptophan, the size of the polyps decreased by approximately 70%, and the use only recombinant interferon α2b by 40%. After 6 months, there was an increase in polyp tissue by 10-20% compared to the values ​​after 1 month. After a year, the growth of polyps remained at the level of the values ​​​​obtained after 6 months. The use of both interferon α2b and its combination with the γ-D-glutamyl-L-tryptophan is a pathogenetically substantiated method of treating chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis, which allows its use as a conservative therapy for this disease.