LABORATORY BLOOD MARKERS IN COVID-19 AND THEIR CONNECTION TO VIRAL VARIANT
- Authors: Korobova Z.R.1,2, Liubimova N.E.1, Arsentieva N.A.1, Zhebeleva M.S.3, Chernykh E.I.4, Davletshina V.V.4, Kashchenko V.A.4,5, Totolian A.A.1,3
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Affiliations:
- Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute
- avlov First State Medical University of Saint Petersburg
- Pavlov First State Medical University of Saint Petersburg
- The Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘North-Western District Scientific and Clinical Center Named after L.G. Sokolov Federal Medical and Biological Agency’
- Saint Petersburg State University
- Section: Joint Immunology Forum 2024
- URL: https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/16765
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.46235/1028-7221-16765-LBM
- ID: 16765
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Abstract
AbstractMorality rates in COVID-19 are dependent on timely diagnosis, therefore, studying the relationship between laboratory markers and the severity of disease is important.The first wave of COVID-19 associated with the spread of the original strain of SARS-CoV-2, showed higher mortality rates caused by cytokine storm. As the viral variant changed, a change in the disease course towards a less pronounced inflammatory reaction was observed. These changes affected major players of inflammation, cytokines. However, cytokines are not the only markers in the inflammatory response. The purpose of this work was to determine the significance of laboratory markers in the inflammation: WBC, C-reactive protein, ferritin, fibrinogen, D-dimer. The study included 227 patients with acute COVID-19 in the first 5-7 days from the onset of the disease from January 2021 to March 2022. When compared with reference, all groups were characterized by reduced absolute values of lymphocytes. Correlation analysis between the absolute value of lymphocytes and plasma cytokine concentrations also revealed statistically significant strong relationships with the level of the chemokine CCL22/MDC. Given that CCL22/MDC is an important component of lymphopoiesis, its low concentrations may indicate dysregulation of this process in COVID-19.In addition, we noted a positive correlation between the level of C-reactive protein and IL-6 in peripheral blood. IL-6 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine and its elevated levels have been associated with the development of severe COVID-19; one of its functions is the induction of C-reactive protein, and this trend persists regardless of which variant causes COVID-19. We also noted positive correlations between the concentrations of fibrinogen and IL-18, ferritin and IL-6, IL-18. Both of these proteins are involved in inflammation along with cytokines; the literature provides data on the significance of these markers for determining the severity of COVID-19; There is evidence of a synergistic effect of ferritin and IL-18 against viral pathogens. Of interest was the negative correlation between plasma D-dimer levels and IFNα; At the same time, data on the role of the latter in thrombus formation processes are increasingly appearing in the literature.
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About the authors
Zoia R. Korobova
Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute;avlov First State Medical University of Saint Petersburg
Email: zoia-korobova@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0535-5014
junior researcher laboratory of molecular immunology
Russian FederationNatalia E. Liubimova
Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Email: natelu@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-7092-6773
PhD (Biology), Research Associate, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgNatalia A. Arsentieva
Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Email: arsentieva_n.a@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2490-308X
PhD (Biology), Senior Research Associate, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgMaria S. Zhebeleva
Pavlov First State Medical University of Saint Petersburg
Email: mari.zhebeleva@mail.ru
5th year student, medical faculty
Russian FederationEkaterina I. Chernykh
The Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘North-Western District Scientific and Clinical Center Named after L.G. Sokolov Federal Medical and Biological Agency’
Email: ekaterina_cherny@mail.ru
PhD (Medicine), Therapist, L. Sokolov North-Western District Scientific and Clinical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency
Russian Federation, St. PetersburgVictoria V. Davletshina
The Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘North-Western District Scientific and Clinical Center Named after L.G. Sokolov Federal Medical and Biological Agency’
Email: davletshinavv@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1988-1608
Junior research associate
Russian FederationViktor A. Kashchenko
The Federal State Budgetary Institution ‘North-Western District Scientific and Clinical Center Named after L.G. Sokolov Federal Medical and Biological Agency’;Saint Petersburg State University
Email: surg122@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8822-9165
PhD, MD (Medicine), Professor, Deputy Head, Scientific Department, L. Sokolov North-Western District Scientific and Clinical Center, Federal Medical and Biological Agency; Head, Faculty Surgery Department, St. Petersburg State University
Russian Federation, St. Petersburg; St. PetersburgAreg A. Totolian
Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute;Pavlov First State Medical University of Saint Petersburg
Author for correspondence.
Email: totolian@spbraaci.ru
MD, PhD, professor, Academician of Russian Academies of Science, Head of Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Chair of the Department of Immunology
Russian Federation