Email this article IMMUNE RESPONSE TO HYPOCHLORITE-MODIFIED LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS: ASSOCIATION WITH ATHEROSCLEROSIS
- Authors: Ivanova A.A1, Protasova A.A2, Denisenko A.D2
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Affiliations:
- =Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution ‘Institute of Experimental Medicine’, Department of molecular biology, genetics and fundamental medicine
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution ‘Institute of Experimental Medicine’, Department of molecular biology, genetics and fundamental medicine
- Section: ORIGINAL ARTICLES
- Submitted: 16.09.2025
- Accepted: 12.10.2025
- URL: https://rusimmun.ru/jour/article/view/17310
- ID: 17310
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Abstract
Antibodies to various modifications of low-density lipoproteins have been detected in human blood. Of particular interest is the least studied modification of low-density lipoproteins with hypochlorite, which is a product of myeloperoxidase activity, and its antigenic properties. The aim of this study was to confirm the specificity of antibodies to hypochlorite-low-density lipoproteins and to study their possible role in atherogenesis, including the relationship with coronary artery disease and the effect on cholesterol accumulation by macrophages. To assess the immunogenicity of hypochlorite-low-density lipoproteins, rabbits were immunized with autologous low-density lipoproteins modified with sodium hypochlorite in vitro. The level of antibodies was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using human low-density lipoproteins and rabbit low-density lipoproteins, modified with hypochlorite in vitro as antigens. The specificity of antibodies was tested by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The uptake of native or hypochlorite-modified low-density lipoproteins was assessed by the accumulation of cholesterol and its esters in macrophages differentiated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Immunization of rabbits with autologous hypochlorite-low-density lipoproteins leads to the appearance of specific antibodies. The results confirm that the modification of low-density lipoproteins with hypochlorite leads to the formation of specific antigenic determinants on these particles, different from those formed with other studied modifications of low-density lipoproteins. In the blood serum of most patients, IgG antibodies to hypochlorite- low-density lipoproteins were detected. At the same time, the content of antibodies to hypochlorite-low-density lipoproteins in patients with coronary artery disease was significantly lower than in patients with preclinical atherosclerosis and healthy individuals. Incubation of macrophages differentiated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells with hypochlorite- low-density lipoproteins in the presence of specific antibodies led to a decrease in the accumulation of cholesterol esters by these cells. The obtained data indicate the potential ability of antibodies to hypochlorite-low-density lipoproteins to reduce the atherogenic effects of modified low-density lipoproteins, which may open up prospects for the development of new approaches to the treatment of atherosclerosis.
About the authors
Anna A Ivanova
=Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution ‘Institute of Experimental Medicine’, Department of molecular biology, genetics and fundamental medicine
Email: anna.ivantcova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8673-9628
SPIN-code: 5306-1995
Scopus Author ID: 57192065129
research assistant, Department of Molecular Biology, Genetics and Fundamental Medicine
Russian Federation, 197022, Saint-Petersburg, 12, Acad. Pavlov StreetAlexandra A Protasova
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution ‘Institute of Experimental Medicine’, Department of molecular biology, genetics and fundamental medicine
Email: aleksandra-2001@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2680-4069
SPIN-code: 3009-2698
junior research assistant, Department of Molecular Biology, Genetics and Fundamental Medicine
Russian Federation, 197022, Saint-Petersburg, 12, Acad. Pavlov StreetAlexandr D Denisenko
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution ‘Institute of Experimental Medicine’, Department of molecular biology, genetics and fundamental medicine
Author for correspondence.
Email: add@iem.sp.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1613-0654
Doctor of Medicine Science, professor, Head of the Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Atherogenesis
Russian Federation, 197022, Saint-Petersburg, 12, Acad. Pavlov StreetReferences
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