THE USE OF WNT-5A AS A NEW DIAGNOSTIC BIOMARKER IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION



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Abstract

AbstractCardiovascular diseases continue to be the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, which emphasizes the need for innovative approaches to their diagnosis, prevention and treatment. One of the promising areas is the study of the role of the fundamental and highly conservative WNT signaling pathway. WNT-5a is a WNT ligand secreted by various cells, involved in both the processes of embryogenesis and the maintenance of homeostasis and regeneration of the body. Given the multifunctional nature of WNT-5a with potentially contradictory effects, additional research is required to better understand the molecular mechanisms of its involvement in the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease and to develop new diagnostic approaches using WNT-5a as a promising biomarker.The purpose of the work: to study the clinical significance of serum WNT-5a level in acute myocardial infarction.Materials and methods. The study included 70 young and middle-aged patients with acute myocardial infarction (Group I) admitted to the regional vascular center of the Orel Regional Clinical Hospital and 20 conditionally healthy individuals (Control Group II) matched for age and gender. Acute myocardial infarction was diagnosed according to the clinical guidelines of the Russian Ministry of Health in the version current at the time of the study. The level of WNT-5a and IL-6 in the blood serum was determined in two replicates by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using commercial Sunlong Biotech Co and Vector-Best reagent kits. Statistical calculations were performed in the online version of the StatTech program.Results. The studies showed that the median values ​​of WNT-5a were significantly lower in the blood serum of patients with myocardial infarction compared to conditionally healthy individuals. The lowest WNT-5a values ​​were observed on day 1 in patients with a history of myocardial infarction and developed postinfarction cardiosclerosis, with a tendency for WNT-5a to increase in the blood serum by day 7, which was combined with a more severe course of myocardial infarction. With a typical course of myocardial infarction, the dynamics of WNT-5a production was noted with a decrease in its values ​​by day 7 of the pathological process. The maximum WNT-5a values ​​were recorded in patients with calcification of the heart valves and coronary vessels. A statistically significant inverse correlation between WNT-5a and IL-6 was established during the inflammatory process in myocardial infarction.Conclusion. The obtained data illustrate the potential of WNT-5a as a biomarker of acute myocardial infarction and the need for further study of its cardioprotective role in cardiovascular pathology for the development of new diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies.

About the authors

Irina A/ Snimshchikova

FSBEI of HE "Oryol State University named after I.S. Turgenev ", Orel, Russia

Email: snimshikova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4258-963X
SPIN-code: 2728-3520
Scopus Author ID: 57194214547
ResearcherId: X-6716-2019

MD, Professor, Head of the Department of Immunology and specialized clinical disciplines, Director of Medical Institute, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of New Medical Technologies 

Russian Federation, Komsomolskaya street,95, Orel, 302026, Russia

Anna V. Konshina

National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N.N. Priorov, Moscow, Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: astro.cito@ya.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-0353-0849
SPIN-code: 6755-1368

Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Related Disciplines, Head of the Department of Educational Activities

Russian Federation, st. Priorova, 10, Moscow, 127299, Russia

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