Vol 20, No 1 (2017)

The review presents the publications mainly of the previous 5–7 years concerned to the production of adaptive immunity cytokines in multiple sclerosis clinical picture. There is discussed the possible pathogenetic value of cytokines produced by diff erent T-lymphocyte subpopulations: Th1, Th17, Th9, Th22, Th2 and Treg.

Antibodies to benzo[a]pyrene, estradiol and progesterone (IgA-Bp, IgA-Es and IgA-Pg) in the serum of 222 postmenopausal healthy women (HW) and 266 breast cancer patents (BCP) were studied. Positive linear correlations IgA-Es and IgA-Pg with IgA-Bp were found in all the groups (r_s = 0,53–0,8, p < 0,0001). Frequency of high both IgA-Es and IgA-Pg levels (33,3%) was more high at ER+PR+ BCP than at HW (22,1%) and ER–PR– (22,7%) and ER+PR– (21,4%) BCP (OR = 2,2). Frequency of high Es concentration (>0,15 nmol/l) and Pg concentration (>1,4 nmol/l) in the serum of HW were revealed when both IgA-Es and IgA-Pg levels were high (67,7 and 59,5%) instead of these levels were low (25,8 and 21,6% correspondingly). Frequency of high Pg concentration (>0,75 nmol/l) were more high when both IgA-Es and IgA-Pg levels were high (49,3%) instead of these levels were low (26,1%) in the serum of ER+PR+ BCP. So IgA-Es together with IgA-Pg stimulated proliferation of normal ER+PR+ mammary cells (promotion of carcinogenesis), but inhibited proliferation of ER+PR+ malignant mammary cells (progression of carcinogenesis). It was supposed that induction IgA-Bp by anti-carcinogens vaccines for active cancer immunoprevention could stimulate antibodies formation against other endogenous steroids, mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, with the following negative consequences. There is the reason to use IgA-Es and IgA-Pg immunoassay for ER+PR+ breast cancer prediction and following prevention by selective modulators of ER (tamoxifen and others).

The purpose of the real research was studying of influence of dental alloys on levels α‑1‑ and β‑1‑ defensin in oral liquid at patients with complaints to intolerance of dentoprosthetic materials and with the revealed sensitization to salts of metals. The studied group 20 patients with intolerance of dentoprosthetic materials and positive have made results of statement of patch test and reaction of allergen induction damage of leukocytes. To patients carried out determination of level of defensin from leukocytes of oral liquid after the transbukkal of provocative tests from 0,001% solutions salts of metals: NiCl₂, CrCl₃, CoCl₂. It is established what patients with intolerance of dentoprosthetic materials of an allergic etiology have (n = 20), proved by application tests with salts of metals, levels α‑1‑ and β‑1‑defensin in oral liquid change in 1 month after removal of causal orthopedic designs. The α‑1‑defensin level in oral liquid before removal of causal orthopedic designs has made 1,56 [1,19; 1,95] ng/ml, and 1 month later after removal – 0,61 [0,44; 0,68] ng/ml (P_Wilcoxon ≤0,05). Level of a β‑1‑ defensin before removal of artificial limbs has made 2,9 [2,3; 3,4] ng/ml, and after removal of artificial limbs has increased to 3,8 [3,1; 4,9] ng/ml. Patients of control group have levels α‑1‑ and β‑1‑defenzin in oral liquid authentically didn’t change. After carrying out the transbukkal of provocative tests with salts of metals at patients about intolerance of dentoprosthetic materials of an allergic etiology (n = 20) reliable (P_Wilcoxon = 0,043) increase in level of α‑1‑defensin in oral liquid was observed. However, the gain or decrease in levels of β‑1‑defensin under influence the transbukkal of provocative tests wasn’t observed. The obtained data specify also hyperreactivity of neutrophils in at patients with intolerance of dentoprosthetic materials as granules of neutrophils are a source α‑1‑defensine, and the lowered level of an ephitelium β‑1‑defensin characterizes oppression of mukozal immunity of a mucous membrane of an oral cavity.

Clinical and immunological examination of patients with vibration disease (VD). It shows failure when immunocompetent cells functioning VD characterized enhancement of production of the proinflammatory IL-8, and reduced serum concentrations of TNF-α, IFNγ, IL-4, expressed imbalance IFN-γ/IL-4, IFN-γ/IL-10. Established significant correlations between cytokines (IL-8, IL-4, and TNF-α) and individual neuromyomyographic performance (speed of impulse conduction in the distal parts of the median, ulnar and tibial nerves) are direct evidence of a pathogenetic role of cytokines in the development of disorders of conductive structures of the nervous system in patients with VD. The results are the basis for the study of new criteria for early diagnosis of vibration disease and the severity of the pathological process.

The level of IgG antibodies against recombinant proteins Tp0277, Tp0684, Тр0965, Тр1038 of T. pallidum was measured in ELISA assay using blood serum of patients with primary, secondary, early latent and late latent syphilis. We observed certain variations of ELISA diagnostic efficiency with above noted proteins depending on the form of the disease. 100% sensitivity in serodiagnostics of primary syphilis was observed in assays with Tp0277, secondary syphilis – with Tp0965, and early latent syphilis – with Tp1038 recombinant proteins. The highest antibody level against Tp0684 was observed in the group of late latent syphilis patients, but revealed a decreased sensitivity of the assay. The statistical discriminative analysis of the results enabled the development of classification rules for the differentiation of serum samples into four groups according to the stages of syphilis. The efficiency of the proposed classification model revealed 44.4–58.9%, and can be even higher up to 75% using pair­wise comparison of sample groups. To summarize, this approach gives the opportunity for syphilis stage differentiation based on the analysis of antibodies against Treponema pallidum antigens panel.